Available online 1 April 2025, 102006

Quality of care during endoscopy is greatly influenced by endoscopists’ competence and efforts, which is unfortunately subject to variability. The recent transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to improve endoscopy quality in a objective way, potentially eliminating inter-endoscopist variability in endoscopy performance. AI aids in real-time detection (CADe) and characterization (CADx) of colorectal polyps, quality assurance of colonoscopy (CAQ), and workflow optimization including surveillance interval support and endoscopy reporting. These technologies are rapidly implemented in real clinical practice largely in the colonoscopy field while there is emerging progress in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. This review article discusses technological advancements including currently available evidence, regulatory and ethical challenges, and practical tips to maximize the value of AI in endoscopy.

Artificial intelligence

Colonoscopy

Gastroscopy

Polyp

Cancer

Optical diagnosis

© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.