aDepartment of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, Modena, Italy;

bModena HIV Metabolic Clinic, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy;

cDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico of Modena, Modena, Italy;

dSchool of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; and

eDepartment of Physical, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Correspondence to: Giovanni Guaraldi, MD, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Largo del Pozzo, 71 41124 Modena, Italy (e-mail: [email protected]).

Supported by a Grant from Gilead Sciences. The company did not have any intervention in the design, development, writing, and interpretation of the presented results.

G.G. and C.M. received research grant and speaker honorarium from Gilead, ViiV, MERCK, and Jansen. G.G. and C.M. attended advisory boards of Gilead, ViiV, and MERCK. Other authors reported no conflict of interest.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.jaids.com).

F.M., J.M., F.M., and G.G. conceptualized and designed the manuscript. F.M., J.M., and G.G. wrote and revised the manuscript. F.M. did the analysis. F.M., J.M., P.M., F.M., and G.G. did the supervision of the final version of the manuscript. All the authors contributed to discussion and revised the manuscript.