Taylor M, Cousijn J, Filbey F. Determining risks for cannabis use disorder in the face of changing legal policies. Curr Addict Rep. 2019;6:466–77.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). World drug report 2020. Vienna: United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime; 2020.
Leung J, Chan GCK, Hides L, Hall WD. What is the prevalence and risk of cannabis use disorders among people who use cannabis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Addict Behav. 2020;109:106479.
Shao H, Du H, Gan Q, Ye D, Chen Z, Zhu Y, et al. Trends of the global burden of disease attributable to Cannabis use disorder in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: results from the Disease Burden Study 2019. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2024;22:2485–507.
Towers EB, Williams IL, Qillawala EI, Rissman EF, Lynch WJ. Sex/gender differences in the time-course for the development of substance use disorder: a focus on the telescoping effect. Pharm Rev. 2023;75:217–49.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ferland JN, Hurd YL. Deconstructing the neurobiology of cannabis use disorder. Nat Neurosci. 2020;23:600–10.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tolomeo S, Yu R. Brain network dysfunctions in addiction: a meta-analysis of resting-state functional connectivity. Transl Psychiatry. 2022;12:1–11.
Zhang R, Volkow ND. Brain default-mode network dysfunction in addiction. Neuroimage. 2019;200:313–31.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Thomson H, Labuschagne I, Greenwood LM, Robinson E, Sehl H, Suo C, et al. Is resting-state functional connectivity altered in regular cannabis users? A systematic review of the literature. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2022;239:1191–209.
Aloi J, McCusker MC, Lew BJ, Schantell M, Eastman JA, Frenzel MR, et al. Altered amygdala-cortical connectivity in individuals with Cannabis use disorder. J Psychopharmacol. 2021;35:1365–74.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Camchong J, Lim KO, Kumra S. Adverse effects of cannabis on adolescent brain development: a longitudinal study. Cereb Cortex. 2017;27:1922–30.
Zhou F, Zimmermann K, Xin F, Scheele D, Dau W, Banger M, et al. Shifted balance of dorsal versus ventral striatal communication with frontal reward and regulatory regions in cannabis-dependent males. Hum Brain Mapp. 2018;39:5062–73.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Manza P, Tomasi D, Volkow ND. Subcortical local functional hyperconnectivity in cannabis dependence. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2018;3:285–93.
Wetherill RR, Fang Z, Jagannathan K, Childress AR, Rao H, Franklin TR. Cannabis, cigarettes, and their co-occurring use: disentangling differences in default mode network functional connectivity. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015;153:116–23.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Koenis MMG, Durnez J, Rodrigue AL, Mathias SR, Alexander-Bloch AF, Barrett JA, et al. Associations of cannabis use disorder with cognition, brain structure, and brain function in African Americans. Hum Brain Mapp. 2021;42:1727–41.
Khan SS, Secades-Villa R, Okuda M, Wang S, Pérez-Fuentes G, Kerridge BT, et al. Gender differences in cannabis use disorders: results from the national epidemiologic survey of alcohol and related conditions. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;130:101–8.
Calakos KC, Bhatt S, Foster DW, Cosgrove KP. Mechanisms underlying sex differences in cannabis use. Curr Addict Rep. 2017;4:439–53.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Schlienz NJ, Budney AJ, Lee DC, Vandrey R. Cannabis withdrawal: a review of neurobiological mechanisms and sex differences. Curr Addict Rep. 2017;4:75–81.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cuttler C, Mischley LK, Sexton M. Sex differences in cannabis use and effects: a cross-sectional survey of cannabis users. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2016;1:166–75.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sholler DJ, Strickland JC, Spindle TR, Weerts EM, Vandrey R. Sex differences in the acute effects of oral and vaporized cannabis among healthy adults. Addict Biol. 2021;26:12968.
Ritchay MM, Huggins AA, Wallace AL, Larson CL, Lisdahl KM. Resting state functional connectivity in the default mode network: relationships between cannabis use, gender, and cognition in adolescents and young adults. Neuroimage Clin. 2021;30:102664.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kroon E, Kuhns LN, Kaag AM, Filbey F, Cousijn J. The role of sex in the association between cannabis use and working memory-related brain activity. J Neurosci Res. 2022;100:1347–58.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wetherill RR, Jagannathan K, Hager N, Childress AR, Franklin TR. Sex differences in associations between cannabis craving and neural responses to cannabis cues: implications for treatment. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2015;23:238–46.
Taebi A, Becker B, Klugah-Brown B, Roecher E, Biswal B, Zweerings J, et al. Shared network-level functional alterations across substance use disorders: a multi-level kernel density meta-analysis of resting-state functional connectivity studies. Addict Biol. 2022;27:e13200.
Ma L, Hettema JM, Cousijn J, Bjork JM, Steinberg JL, Keyser-Marcus L, et al. Resting-state directional connectivity and anxiety and depression symptoms in adult cannabis users. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2021;6:545–55.
Kroon E, Toenders YJ, Kuhns LN, Cousijn J, Filbey F. Resting state functional connectivity in dependent cannabis users: the moderating role of cannabis attitudes. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024;256:111090.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Cousijn J, Wiers RW, Ridderinkhof KR, van den Brink W, Veltman DJ, Goudriaan AE. Effect of baseline cannabis use and working-memory network function on changes in cannabis use in heavy cannabis users: a prospective fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp. 2014;35:2470–82.
Kuhns L, Kroon E, Filbey F, Cousijn J. Unraveling the role of cigarette use in neural cannabis cue reactivity in heavy cannabis users. Addict Biol. 2021;26:e12941.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2000.
Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59:22–33.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
First MB. Structured clinical interview for the DSM (SCID). In: Cautin RL, Lilienfeld SO, editors. The Encyclopedia of clinical psychology. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2015. pp. 1–6.
Saunders JB, Aasland OG, Babor TF, de la Fuente JR, Grant M. Development of the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption-II. Addiction. 1993;88:791–804.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerström KO. The Fagerström test for nicotine dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Br J Addict. 1991;86:1119–27.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Beck AT, Steer RA, Ball R, Ranieri W. Comparison of Beck depression inventories -IA and -II in psychiatric outpatients. J Pers Assess. 1996;67:588–97.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
JASP Team. JASP version 0.19.02. 2023. https://jasp-stats.org/
Waller L, Erk S, Pozzi E, Toenders YJ, Haswell CC, Büttner M, et al. ENIGMA HALFpipe: interactive, reproducible, and efficient analysis for resting-state and task-based fMRI data. Hum Brain Mapp. 2022;43:2727–42.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Esteban O, Markiewicz CJ, Blair RW, Moodie CA, Isik AI, Erramuzpe A, et al. fMRIPrep: a robust preprocessing pipeline for functional MRI. Nat Methods. 2019;16:111–6.
Comments (0)