Oldenburg J, Berney DM, Bokemeyer C, Climent MA, Daugaard G, Gietema JA et al (2022) Testicular seminoma and non-seminoma: ESMO-EURACAN clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 33(4):362–75
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Beyer J, Collette L, Sauve N, Daugaard G, Feldman DR, Tandstad T et al (2021) Survival and new prognosticators in metastatic seminoma: results from the IGCCCG-update consortium. J Clin Oncol 39(14):1553–62
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
European Association of Urology (EAU) (2025) EAU Guidelines on Testicular Cancer. European Association of Urology
Raggi D, Chakrabarti D, Cazzaniga W, Aslam R, Miletic M, Gilson C et al (2025) Management of Testicular Cancer. JCO Oncology Practice
Hande KR (1998) Etoposide: four decades of development of a topoisomerase II inhibitor. Eur J Cancer 34(10):1514–1521
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Slevin ML (1991) The clinical pharmacology of etoposide. Cancer 67(S1):319–329
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Creaven PJ (1982) The clinical pharmacology of VM26 and VP16-213. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 7(2):133–140
Relling MV, Nemec J, Schuetz EG, Schuetz JD, Gonzalez FJ, Korzekwa KR (1994) O-demethylation of epipodophyllotoxins is catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 3A4. Mol Pharmacol 45(2):352–358
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Lovett BD, Strumberg D, Blair IA, Pang S, Burden DA, Megonigal MD et al (2001) Etoposide metabolites enhance DNA topoisomerase II cleavage near leukemia-associated MLL translocation breakpoints. Biochemistry 40(5):1159–70
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Stremetzne S, Jaehde U, Kasper R, Beyer J, Siegert W, Schunack W (1997) Considerable plasma levels of a cytotoxic etoposide metabolite in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer 33(6):978–979
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Cai X, Woo MH, Edick MJ, Relling MV (1999) Simultaneous quantitation of etoposide and its catechol metabolite in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci 728(2):241–250
Hikma Pharmaceuticals (2024) Summary of Product Characteristics Etoposide
Jouinot A, Royer B, Chatelut E, Moeung S, Assie G, Thomas-Schoemann A et al (2018) Pharmacokinetic interaction between mitotane and etoposide in adrenal carcinoma: a pilot study. Endocr Connect 7(12):1409–14
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Yong WP, Desai AA, Innocenti F, Ramirez J, Shepard D, Kobayashi K et al (2007) Pharmacokinetic modulation of oral etoposide by ketoconazole in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 60(6):811–9
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Lum BL, Kaubisch S, Yahanda AM, Adler KM, Jew L, Ehsan MN et al (1992) Alteration of etoposide pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics by cyclosporine in a phase I trial to modulate multidrug resistance. J Clin Oncol 10(10):1635–42
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Stewart CF, Arbuck SG, Fleming RA, Evans WE (1990) Changes in the clearance of total and unbound etoposide in patients with liver dysfunction. J Clin Oncol 8(11):1874–1879
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Stewart CF (1994) Use of Etoposide in patients with organ dysfunction: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 34(Suppl):S76–83
Stewart CF, Arbuck SG, Fleming RA, Evans WE (1991) Relation of systemic exposure to unbound etoposide and hematologic toxicity. Clin Pharmacol Ther 50(4):385–393
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Giraud EL, de Lijster B, Krens SD, Desar IME, Boerrigter E, van Erp NP (2023) Dose recommendations for anticancer drugs in patients with renal or hepatic impairment: an update. Lancet Oncol 24(6):e229
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
UpToDate Lexidrug Interactions: UpToDate Inc.; [6 February 2025]. Available from: https://online.lexi.com/lco/action/interact
Vertex Pharmaceuticals (2022) (Ireland) Limited. Summary of Product Characteristics Kalydeco
Pfizer (2017) Summary of Product Characteristics Zythromax
Strik J, de Jong LAW, Sijm J, Desar IME, van Erp NP (2024) Effect of aprepitant on etoposide pharmacokinetics in patients with testicular cancer: a pharmacokinetic study to determine the absence of a clinically relevant interaction. Clin Pharmacol Ther 115(1):135–8
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hande K, Messenger M, Wagner J, Krozely M, Kaul S (1999) Inter- and intrapatient variability in etoposide kinetics with oral and intravenous drug administration. Clin Cancer Res 5(10):2742–2747
Thomas HD, Porter DJ, Bartelink I, Nobbs JR, Cole M, Elliott S et al (2002) Randomized cross-over clinical trial to study potential pharmacokinetic interactions between cisplatin or carboplatin and etoposide. Br J Clin Pharmacol 53(1):83–91
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Stewart CF, Pieper JA, Arbuck SG, Evans WE (1989) Altered protein binding of etoposide in patients with cancer. Clin Pharmacol Ther 45(1):49–55
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
van de Poll ME, Relling MV, Schuetz EG, Harrison PL, Hughes W, Flynn PM (2001) The effect of atovaquone on etoposide pharmacokinetics in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 47(6):467–72
Bisogno G, Cowie F, Boddy A, Thomas HD, Dick G, Pinkerton CR (1998) High-dose cyclosporin with etoposide–toxicity and pharmacokinetic interaction in children with solid tumours. Br J Cancer 77(12):2304–2309
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Joel SP, Shah R, Clark PI, Slevin ML (1996) Predicting etoposide toxicity: relationship to organ function and protein binding. J Clin Oncol 14(1):257–267
Comments (0)