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Comparative Analysis of Instrumental Variables on the Assignment of Buprenorphine/Naloxone or Methadone for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
Comparative Analysis of Instrumental Variables on the Assignment of Buprenorphine/Naloxone or Methadone for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
Background: Instrumental variable (IV) analysis provides an alternative set of identification ass
Are Target Trial Emulations the Gold Standard for Observational Studies?: The Authors Respond
Are Target Trial Emulations the Gold Standard for Observational Studies?: The Authors Respond
To the Editor: We thank Didelez1 for their comments on our recent article.2 We wish it were true tha...
It Is Time to Think About Time: The Impact of Secular Trends on Bias Parameter Values from Validation Studies
It Is Time to Think About Time: The Impact of Secular Trends on Bias Parameter Values from Validation Studies
Quantitative bias analysis is a set of methodologic approaches designed to address systematic sources of error (bias) in e...
Re. The Role of Cooling Centers in Protecting Vulnerable Individuals from Extreme Heat
Re. The Role of Cooling Centers in Protecting Vulnerable Individuals from Extreme Heat
Office of Heat Response and Mitigation, City of Phoenix, AZ, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Ar...
Precision and Weighting of Effects Estimated by the Generalized Synthetic Control and Related Methods: The Case of Medicaid Expansion
Precision and Weighting of Effects Estimated by the Generalized Synthetic Control and Related Methods: The Case of Medicaid Expansion
The study of the impact of Medicaid expansion on cardiovascular disease mortality by Nianogo and colleagues1 in this issue...
Bias-interpretability Trade-offs in Vaccine Effectiveness Studies Using Test-negative or Cohort Designs
Bias-interpretability Trade-offs in Vaccine Effectiveness Studies Using Test-negative or Cohort Designs
We enjoyed reading the article “Comparison of the test-negative design and cohort design with explicit target trial emulat...
Estimated rates of progression to tuberculosis disease for persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the United States
Estimated rates of progression to tuberculosis disease for persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the United States
Background: In the United States, over 80% of tuberculosis (TB) disease cases are estimated to re
Differential Participation, a Potential Cause of Spurious Associations in Observational Cohorts in Environmental Epidemiology
Differential Participation, a Potential Cause of Spurious Associations in Observational Cohorts in Environmental Epidemiology
Differential participation in observational cohorts may lead to biased or even reversed estimates. I
Leveraging External Validation Data: The Challenges of Transporting Measurement Error Parameters
Leveraging External Validation Data: The Challenges of Transporting Measurement Error Parameters
Approaches to address measurement error frequently rely on validation data to estimate measurement e
Re. Emulating a Target Trial of Interventions Initiated During Pregnancy With Healthcare Databases: The Example of COVID-19 Vaccination
Re. Emulating a Target Trial of Interventions Initiated During Pregnancy With Healthcare Databases: The Example of COVID-19 Vaccination
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, Cecil G. Sheps Center for...
Visualizing External Validity: Graphical Displays to Inform the Extension of Treatment Effects from Trials to Clinical Practice
Visualizing External Validity: Graphical Displays to Inform the Extension of Treatment Effects from Trials to Clinical Practice
Background: In the presence of effect measure modification, estimates of treatment effects from r
Risk Factors and Inequities in Transportation Injury and Mortality in the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts (CanCHECs)
Risk Factors and Inequities in Transportation Injury and Mortality in the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts (CanCHECs)
Background: Road traffic injury contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality. Canada stan
Medicaid Expansion and Racial–Ethnic and Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Diseases Over 6 Years: A Generalized Synthetic Control Approach
Medicaid Expansion and Racial–Ethnic and Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Diseases Over 6 Years: A Generalized Synthetic Control Approach
Background: Studies have suggested Medicaid expansion enacted in 2014 has resulted in a reduction
Meconium Concentrations of Pesticides and Risk of Hypospadias: A Case–Control Study in Brittany, France
Meconium Concentrations of Pesticides and Risk of Hypospadias: A Case–Control Study in Brittany, France
Background: Hypospadias is a male genital tract defect for which an increase in prevalence has be
Incorporating Efficacy Data from Initial Trials Into Subsequent Evaluations: Application to Vaccines Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Incorporating Efficacy Data from Initial Trials Into Subsequent Evaluations: Application to Vaccines Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Background: When a randomized controlled trial fails to demonstrate statistically significant eff
Semiparametric Allocation of Subjects to Cohort Strata
Semiparametric Allocation of Subjects to Cohort Strata
Background: We illustrate a method for stratum assignment in small cohort studies that avoids mod
Comparison of the Test-negative Design and Cohort Design With Explicit Target Trial Emulation for Evaluating COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness
Comparison of the Test-negative Design and Cohort Design With Explicit Target Trial Emulation for Evaluating COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness
Background: Observational studies are used for estimating vaccine effectiveness under real-world
PROVIDENT: Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model to Predict Neighborhood-level Overdose Risk in Rhode Island
PROVIDENT: Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model to Predict Neighborhood-level Overdose Risk in Rhode Island
Background: Drug overdose persists as a leading cause of death in the United States, but resource
Distinguishing Immunologic and Behavioral Effects of Vaccination
Distinguishing Immunologic and Behavioral Effects of Vaccination
The interpretation of vaccine efficacy estimands is subtle, even in randomized trials designed to qu
Residential Greenness and Long-term Mortality Among Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Residential Greenness and Long-term Mortality Among Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Background: Studies have reported inverse associations between exposure to residential greenness
Medications for Opioid Use Disorder and Mortality and Hospitalization Among People With Opioid Use-related Infections
Medications for Opioid Use Disorder and Mortality and Hospitalization Among People With Opioid Use-related Infections
Background: Severe skin and soft tissue infections related to injection drug use have increased i
A Mixture of Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations During Pregnancy and Offspring Social Responsiveness Scale Scores
A Mixture of Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations During Pregnancy and Offspring Social Responsiveness Scale Scores
Background: Phthalates are a group of chemicals with ubiquitous exposure worldwide. Exposures to
Validation of the “Indication for Use” (INDO) Variable in the Danish National Prescription Registry
Validation of the “Indication for Use” (INDO) Variable in the Danish National Prescription Registry
Background: Despite its potential value in register-based pharmacoepidemiologic research, recorde
Flexible Machine Learning Estimation of Conditional Average Treatment Effects: A Blessing and a Curse
Flexible Machine Learning Estimation of Conditional Average Treatment Effects: A Blessing and a Curse
Causal inference from observational data requires untestable identification assumptions. If these as
A Decade of Tweets: Visualizing Racial Sentiments Towards Minoritized Groups in the United States Between 2011 and 2021
A Decade of Tweets: Visualizing Racial Sentiments Towards Minoritized Groups in the United States Between 2011 and 2021
Background: Research has demonstrated the negative impact of racism on health, yet the measuremen
Measuring Racial Sentiment Using Social Media Is Harder Than It Seems
Measuring Racial Sentiment Using Social Media Is Harder Than It Seems
Social media, and the internet more broadly, presents a historically unprecedented opportunity to assess the speech of mil...
Mass Probation: Effects of Sentencing Severity on Mental Health for Black and White Individuals
Mass Probation: Effects of Sentencing Severity on Mental Health for Black and White Individuals
Background: Incarceration is associated with negative impacts on mental health. Probation, a form
Decomposing the Black–White Racial Disparity in Severe Maternal Morbidity Risk: The Role of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Decomposing the Black–White Racial Disparity in Severe Maternal Morbidity Risk: The Role of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Background: To our knowledge, no studies have explicitly studied the role of hypertensive disorde
Erratum: Misclassification of Sex Assigned at Birth in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Transgender Reproductive Health
Erratum: Misclassification of Sex Assigned at Birth in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Transgender Reproductive Health
Regarding the paper by Tordoff et al.1 in the September 2019 issue of Epidemiology, the authors have identified an error i...
Quantifying the Individual Variation in Susceptibility to Endemic Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 with Human Challenge Trials
Quantifying the Individual Variation in Susceptibility to Endemic Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 with Human Challenge Trials
Human challenge trials reveal how the infection risk depends on a given infectious dose. We propose
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