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Testing chemicals for CYP19 inhibition: Comparison of a modified H295R steroidogenesis assay to a commercial fluorometric enzyme inhibition kit

Aromatase (CYP19A1) is a key enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens. Given its central role in estrogen biosynthesis,...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Lupeol-loaded PLGA particles conserve anti-topoisomerase activity and decrease the cytotoxicity of lupeol

Triterpenes and steroids constitute a broad class of compounds, with approximately 4000 structures derived from mevalonic ...

Toxicology In Vitro

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The neuroprotective role of chlorogenic acid and Fisetin in differentiated neuronal cell line-SHSY5Y against amyloid-β-induced neurotoxicity

Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that helps the body to replenish nutrients under starving conditions, is crucia...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Polystyrene nanoplastic co-exposed to BPA and BPS induces cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and alters ROS production in HepG2 cells

Plastics are commonly used in food and beverage packaging, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, cleaning, and chemical products (Ga...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Cytotoxic effects of a LED/UV nail polish dryer in human keratinocytes

Nail polish dryers are radiation-emitting devices designed to dry and cure nail polishes. These devices primarily emit rad...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Computational and spectrofluorimetric validation on glyphosate interactions with zebrafish (Danio rerio) acetylcholinesterase: Mechanistic and ecotoxicological implications

Herbicides are the most widely used agrochemicals worldwide, accounting for approximately 47.5 % of the total utilized in ...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Cytotoxic and immunotoxic profile of HgCl2 involves alterations in purinergic signaling through the P2X7/NLRP3/CASP-1/IL-1β pathway: An in vitro study using human blood immune cells

Mercury (Hg), a chemical pollutant, poses a significant risk to human health globally. It is considered a hazardous substa...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Comparison of the behavior of human lung epithelial cell lines cultured at the air-liquid interface and assessment of their responses after benzo(a)pyrene exposure

The biological effects of air pollution are still not well known, due to its complex mixture of particulate and gaseous co...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Evaluating cannabidiol-induced liver injury with and without valproate using a three-dimensional human hepatocyte spheroid model

Cannabidiol (CBD) and valproate (VPA) are anti-epileptic medications commonly co-prescribed to treat seizures due to Lenno...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Inhibitory potential of phytochemicals on species-specific breast cancer resistance protein transport activity

The use of herbal alternatives in modern agriculture and healthcare offers a sustainable approach to animal and human heal...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Transcriptomic points of departure for 6PPD-Quinone derived from human Caco-2 and HepG2 cells

N-(1,3-Dimethyl butyl)-N′-phenyl-phenylenediamine-quinone (6ppd-quinone) is of emerging concern due to its widespread pres...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Inter-laboratory validation study of an in vitro glucocorticoid receptor transactivation assay for testing potential endocrine disrupting chemicals

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) belongs to the family of steroid receptors (SRs). These receptors regulate a vast selecti...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Employing histopathology to enhance the BCOP test: The emerging role of stromal thickness as a quantitative endpoint

Bovine corneas are used in the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) assay, which is based on the quantification ...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Isolation and characterization of bovine Limbal mesenchymal stromal cells for application in ocular toxicity studies

Corneal wound healing is a complex, multilayered process initiated by injuries such as chemical exposure (Clippinger et al...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Beyond traditional toxicology: The transformative power of PBTK modeling

Regulatory agencies require safety and toxicity studies to be performed in rodent and non-rodent species for registration ...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Hyperuricemia impairs endothelial function through SMS2-dependent activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) represents a formidable healthcare challenge, particularly in the context of global popu...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Excess curcumin causes cytotoxicity of its nanoconjugate with nanoceria

Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol found in Curcuma longa rhizome extract. This substance has a wide range of proven bio...

Toxicology In Vitro

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The emerging pollutants polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAH'S) bisphenol a (BPA), and phthalates impair immune system function: Effects on human macrophages

Human activity has led to the increment of diverse pollutants. Plastics have great practical value since they are present ...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Stronger prooxidative effects of chromium(VI) comparing to chromium(III) in endocrine and non-endocrine tissues with the thyroid being completely resistant to antioxidant protection

Chromium (Cr) is a harmful heavy metal pollutant. Cr(VI) is a group 1 carcinogen (carcinogenic to humans), whereas Cr(III)...

Toxicology In Vitro

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NAM-based development of a predictive test model for evaluating skin mildness potential of rinse-off products via integrated in vitro assays

Cumulative skin exposure to surfactants can damage the stratum corneum (SC). The free surfactants in rinsed-off product ca...

Toxicology In Vitro

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Tannic acid modulates SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis by curbing key host receptors and oxidative stress